Authors
Sungwon Kim, Sang-gil Lee, Jongyoon Song, Jaehyeon Kim, Sungroh Yoon
Publication date
2018/11/6
Conference
International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML)
Description
Most modern text-to-speech architectures use a WaveNet vocoder for synthesizing high-fidelity waveform audio, but there have been limitations, such as high inference time, in its practical application due to its ancestral sampling scheme. The recently suggested Parallel WaveNet and ClariNet have achieved real-time audio synthesis capability by incorporating inverse autoregressive flow for parallel sampling. However, these approaches require a two-stage training pipeline with a well-trained teacher network and can only produce natural sound by using probability distillation along with auxiliary loss terms. We propose FloWaveNet, a flow-based generative model for raw audio synthesis. FloWaveNet requires only a single-stage training procedure and a single maximum likelihood loss, without any additional auxiliary terms, and it is inherently parallel due to the characteristics of generative flow. The model can efficiently sample raw audio in real-time, with clarity comparable to previous two-stage parallel models. The code and samples for all models, including our FloWaveNet, are publicly available.
Total citations
20192020202120222023202420251546473933294
Scholar articles
S Kim, S Lee, J Song, J Kim, S Yoon - arXiv preprint arXiv:1811.02155, 2018